Genomic profiling of drug sensitivities via induced haploinsufficiency

Nat Genet. 1999 Mar;21(3):278-83. doi: 10.1038/6791.

Abstract

Lowering the dosage of a single gene from two copies to one copy in diploid yeast results in a heterozygote that is sensitized to any drug that acts on the product of this gene. This haploinsufficient phenotype thereby identifies the gene product of the heterozygous locus as the likely drug target. We exploited this finding in a genomic approach to drug-target identification. Genome sequence information was used to generate molecularly tagged heterozygous yeast strains that were pooled, grown competitively in drug and analysed for drug sensitivity using high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Individual heterozygous strain analysis verified six known drug targets. Parallel analysis identified the known target and two hypersensitive loci in a mixed culture of 233 strains in the presence of the drug tunicamycin. Our discovery that both drug target and hypersensitive loci exhibit drug-induced haploinsufficiency may have important consequences in pharmacogenomics and variable drug toxicity observed in human populations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Benomyl / pharmacology
  • Cell Division / drug effects
  • Cell Division / genetics
  • Fungal Proteins / drug effects
  • Fungal Proteins / genetics
  • Fungicides, Industrial / pharmacology
  • Gene Dosage
  • Genes, Fungal
  • Haplotypes / drug effects*
  • Heterozygote
  • Hydro-Lyases / drug effects
  • Hydro-Lyases / genetics
  • Phenotype
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / drug effects*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / growth & development
  • Tunicamycin / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Fungal Proteins
  • Fungicides, Industrial
  • Tunicamycin
  • Hydro-Lyases
  • imidazoleglycerolphosphate dehydratase
  • Benomyl