Bacteriemia is a frequent infection in patients with hepatic cirrhosis, which is associated with a high mortality. Spontaneous bacteriemia is generally caused by gramnegative bacilli. We present an episode of Salmonella hadar's spontaneous bacteriemia in a patient with cirrhosis of the liver and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. The role of the prosthesis in the pathogenesis of bacteriemia in hepatic cirrhosis is discussed.