The structure and function of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel in insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells

J Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Apr;22(2):113-23. doi: 10.1677/jme.0.0220113.

Abstract

ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels) play important roles in many cellular functions by coupling cell metabolism to electrical activity. The KATP channels in pancreatic beta-cells are thought to be critical in the regulation of glucose-induced and sulfonylurea-induced insulin secretion. Until recently, however, the molecular structure of the KATP channel was not known. Cloning members of the novel inwardly rectifying K+ channel subfamily Kir6.0 (Kir6.1 and Kir6.2) and the sulfonylurea receptors (SUR1 and SUR2) has clarified the molecular structure of KATP channels. The pancreatic beta-cell KATP channel comprises two subunits: a Kir6.2 subunit and an SUR1 subunit. Molecular biological and molecular genetic studies have provided insights into the physiological and pathophysiological roles of the pancreatic beta-cell KATP channel in insulin secretion.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters*
  • Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Humans
  • Hyperinsulinism / genetics
  • Hyperinsulinism / metabolism
  • Hypoglycemia / genetics
  • Hypoglycemia / metabolism
  • Insulin / metabolism*
  • Insulin Secretion
  • Islets of Langerhans / cytology
  • Islets of Langerhans / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Mutation
  • Nucleotides / metabolism
  • Potassium Channels / chemistry*
  • Potassium Channels / genetics
  • Potassium Channels / metabolism*
  • Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying*
  • Receptors, Drug / chemistry
  • Receptors, Drug / genetics
  • Receptors, Drug / metabolism
  • Sulfonylurea Receptors

Substances

  • ABCC8 protein, human
  • ABCC9 protein, human
  • ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
  • Abcc8 protein, mouse
  • Insulin
  • Nucleotides
  • Potassium Channels
  • Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying
  • Receptors, Drug
  • Sulfonylurea Receptors
  • Adenosine Triphosphate