CD28 costimulation is crucial for the development of spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis

J Immunol. 1999 Apr 15;162(8):4490-5.

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe central nervous system disease. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mimics MS in mice. We report that spontaneous development of EAE in RAG-1-deficient mice transgenic for a myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific TCR (TgMBP+/RAG-1-/-) requires expression of the T cell costimulatory molecule CD28. Surprisingly, T cells from CD28-/-TgMBP+/RAG-1-/- mice proliferate and produce IL-2 in response to MBP1-17 peptide in vitro, excluding clonal anergy as the mechanism of CD28-regulated pathogenesis. Proliferation of autoaggressive T cells was dependent on the concentration of the MBP peptide, as was the development of MBP-induced EAE in CD28-deficient PL/J mice. These results provide the first genetic evidence that CD28 costimulation is crucial for MBP-specific T cell activation in vivo and the initiation of spontaneous EAE.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Autoantigens / administration & dosage
  • CD28 Antigens / biosynthesis
  • CD28 Antigens / genetics
  • CD28 Antigens / physiology*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation / immunology
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / etiology*
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / genetics
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / immunology*
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred Strains
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Myelin Basic Protein / genetics
  • Myelin Basic Protein / immunology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / cytology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism

Substances

  • Autoantigens
  • CD28 Antigens
  • Cytokines
  • Myelin Basic Protein