Objective: Because completion pneumonectomy is a procedure reputed to place patients at risk, we reviewed our results with the objective of identifying factors that influence complications and survival.
Methods: In a 25-year period, 80 completion pneumonectomies were performed after first operations for 17 cases of benign disease and 63 cases of lung cancer (89% stages I and II), with 7 of the latter patients receiving postoperative radiotherapy. Completion pneumonectomy was performed in 18 cases of benign disease and 62 cases of lung cancer: 28 second primary cancers, 26 recurrent cancers, 3 metastases, and 5 primary cancers in patients previously operated on for benign disease.
Results: No intraoperative deaths occurred. Postoperative mortality rates were 5% for the entire series, 6.4% for patients operated on for cancer, and 0% for patients operated on for benign diseases. Patients previously irradiated and those operated on for infectious disease were at risk for postoperative empyema and fistula formation. In the cancer treatment group the actuarial 5-year survival was 36%, without significant difference between patients with recurrent and second primary lung cancers. The actuarial 5-year survivals were 51% for patients with stage I disease, 42% for patients with stage II disease, and 18% for patients with stage IIIA disease (P <.05).
Conclusions: Completion pneumonectomy can be performed with an acceptable operative mortality rate and offers a second chance for cure to patients with cancer. Patients previously irradiated and those requiring completion pneumonectomy for infectious benign disease are at risk for postoperative complications.