Abstract
The mammalian ATP/ADP translocator isoform-2 (ANT2) gene is growth-activated. Regulation of the gene appears to involve Sp1, as an essential activator, and a suppressor through an Sp1 core element next to the transcription start. We show here that the proximal promoter also binds AP-2 strongly and specifically to two sites, one of which overlaps the Sp1 proximal suppressor site. AP-2 binds with an affinity of 10 to15 fold higher than that of Sp1. AP-2 alone does not alter the ANT2 promoter activity in transfected SL2 cells, but enhances the Sp1-dependent activation of the promoter several fold. Enhancement by AP-2 is observed only when Sp1 is limiting for transcription activation. These data suggest that the cellular AP-2/Sp1 ratio might influence ANT2 expression in developing or differentiating cells.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Base Sequence
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Binding Sites
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Cell Division
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Cell Line
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
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Deoxyribonuclease I / metabolism
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Humans
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Mice
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Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases / genetics*
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Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases / metabolism
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutation
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Promoter Regions, Genetic
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Recombinant Proteins / genetics
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Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
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Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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Sp1 Transcription Factor / genetics
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Sp1 Transcription Factor / metabolism*
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Transcription Factor AP-2
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / metabolism*
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Transcription, Genetic
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Transfection
Substances
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Recombinant Proteins
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Sp1 Transcription Factor
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Transcription Factor AP-2
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Transcription Factors
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Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases
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Deoxyribonuclease I