The total care unit for the treatment of pediatric hematology/oncology in Perth, Australia is so named to embody the philosophy of multidisciplinary care of children and their families. Where possible, patients are treated according to randomized controlled trials of the large cooperative Children's Cancer Group. There is a seamless association of clinical and laboratory research. Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation is managed within the unit, as well as treatment of a range of non-malignant hematological disorders. Long-term follow-up of survivors of childhood cancer is coordinated from the unit.