A total of 22,982 sandflies representing six species were collected using sticky (oiled) paper traps in Badrood rural district, Natanz county from May 1995 to May 1996. Phlebotomus papatasi was the predominant species. The average indoor resting density of P. papatasi ranged from 11.8 (May 1995) to 135.8 per 10 traps (September 1995). The average indoor resting density of this species varied between 39.7-701.3 per 10 traps in May and September, respectively in 1995. The activity of P. papatasi starts from late April or early May and extends to mid October with two peaks, one in mid or late June and the second one in early or mid September. Natural leptomonad infection was found in P. papatasi and Sergentomyia sintoni. P. papatasi could be a vector of humans and gerbils and it is susceptible to DDT in this area.