The risk factors for the incidence of tongue cancer were analyzed with case study. The result showed that oral leukoplakia (OR = 8.50) residual roots of oral teeth (OR = 8.50), eating hot foods (OR = 13.0) and eating fire-roasted foods (OR = 3.5) were the main risk factors for the occurrence of tongue cancer. Eating fresh fruits (OR = 0.01) was usually helpful to the decrease in the predisposition of tongue cancer. It suggested that oral precancerous lesions and mouth diseases should be cured early and good life behavior must be developed in order to prevent the incidence of tongue cancer.