To study the kidney lesions complicated by hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborn, we successfully established a neonatal pig model of HIE. Changes in brain tissue similar to those of newborn in HIE were detected after 2 hours of hypoxia and ischemia. Meanwhile, swelling of kidneys, hemorrhage below encapsules, swellin of tubular epithelial cells, necrosing and falling of a few tubular epithelial cells, and narrowing of tubular lumens were observed. The basement membranes of renal tubules remained normal serum BUN and creatinine increased significantly after experiment compared with before (P < 0.025 and P < 0.05 respectively). The results showed that the kidney of neonatal pig was damaged in HIE. But the injury was not severe. After 72 hours free from hypoxia, the structure and function recovered approximately from the injury.