Abstract
The p53 tumour suppressor protein is down-regulated by the action of Mdm2, which targets p53 for rapid degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. The p14ARF protein is also a potent tumour suppressor that acts by binding to Mdm2 and blocking Mdm2-dependent p53 degradation and transcriptional silencing. We have screened a series of overlapping synthetic peptides derived from the p14ARF protein sequence and found that a peptide corresponding to the first 20 amino acids of ARF (Peptide 3) could bind human Mdm2. The binding site for Peptide 3 on Mdm2 was determined by deletion mapping and lies adjacent to the binding site of the anti-Mdm2 antibody 2A10, which on microinjection into cells can activate p53-dependent transactivation of a reporter plasmid. To determine whether Peptide 3 could similarly activate p53, we expressed a fusion of green fluorescent protein and Peptide 3 in MCF7 and U-2 OS cells and were able to demonstrate induction of p53 protein and p53-dependent transcription. Peptide 3 was able to block in vitro ubiquitination of p53 mediated by Mdm2. Small peptides which are sufficient to block degradation of p53 could provide therapeutic agents able to restore p53-dependent cell death pathways in tumours that retain wild-type p53 expression.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / metabolism
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / pharmacology
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Base Sequence
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Binding Sites
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
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Green Fluorescent Proteins
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Humans
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Ligases / metabolism
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Luminescent Proteins / genetics
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Luminescent Proteins / metabolism
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Microinjections
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Nuclear Proteins*
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Peptide Fragments / genetics
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Peptide Fragments / immunology
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Peptide Fragments / metabolism*
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Peptide Mapping
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Proteins / genetics
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Proteins / metabolism*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / immunology
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / drug effects
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism*
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Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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Ubiquitins / metabolism*
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Luminescent Proteins
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Nuclear Proteins
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Peptide Fragments
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Proteins
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
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Ubiquitins
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Green Fluorescent Proteins
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Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes
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MDM2 protein, human
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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Ligases