The link between sunshine and phototoxicity of sparfloxacin

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jun;49(6):609-12. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00212.x.

Abstract

Aims: To test the association between reporting rates for sparfloxacin-induced phototoxicity and sunlight u.v. exposure, and the effects of regulatory action.

Methods: The reporting rates for phototoxicity with sparfloxacin to the French Pharmacovigilance System or to the Drug Manufacturer were compared with concurrent national mean u.v. exposure obtained from Météo-France, before and after the regulatory restrictions and warnings.

Results: There were 371 severe phototoxic reaction reports during the first 9 months of marketing (reporting rate of 0.4 per thousand treated patients), approximately four to 25 times that reported for other fluoroquinolones. The reporting rate correlated highly (r = 0.873, P < 0.001) with the mean monthly u.v. exposure from sunlight (from Météo-France). Regulatory action including warnings for physicians, and restricted indications dramatically decreased the number of reports, but not the reporting rate.

Conclusions: This is the first demonstration of a strong association between sunlight exposure in a population and drug-induced phototoxicity. Regulatory action had no effect on the reporting rate (individual exposed patient risk), though it solved the public health issue.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Infective Agents / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Dermatitis, Phototoxic / epidemiology
  • Dermatitis, Phototoxic / etiology*
  • Epidemiologic Studies
  • Female
  • Fluoroquinolones*
  • France / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Sunlight / adverse effects*
  • Ultraviolet Rays

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • sparfloxacin