Causes of death in children and adolescents treated with chronic peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis in 1990-1999 in single centre were analysed. Overall 131 patients were treated, including 55 on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 76 on hemodialysis (HD). Overall mortality in a 10-year period was 12% (16 patients). 10 patients in PD (18%) and 6 patients in HD group (7.8%) died. The main causes of death in PD patients were cardiac insufficiency, sudden cardiac arrest, ischemic stroke and atherothrombotic disease. In HD patients the main cause of death was hemorrhagic stroke.