Time-kill studies of antimicrobial combinations including cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, vancomycin and meropenem against cephalosporin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

Chemotherapy. 2000 Sep-Oct;46(5):303-8. doi: 10.1159/000007302.

Abstract

Background: Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin is now widespread and rapidly increasing all over the world. This has led to the critical need for alternative antimicrobial therapy.

Methods: To assess the activities of antimicrobial combinations, including cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, vancomycin and meropenem, time-kill studies were conducted against five strains of penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant S. pneumoniae at clinically achievable antimicrobial concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid.

Results: Combinations of an extended-spectrum cephalosporin with vancomycin were not synergistic. Meropenem had a comparable bactericidal activity to those combinations, and its killing activity was not affected by the addition of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone or vancomycin.

Conclusions: It is suggested that meropenem could be an effective alternative for the treatment of penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis. However, more clinical data are required before it can be recommended as an effective antimicrobial agent for such cases.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cefotaxime / pharmacology*
  • Ceftriaxone / pharmacology*
  • Cephalosporin Resistance*
  • Cephalosporins / pharmacology*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Humans
  • Meningitis, Pneumococcal / drug therapy
  • Meropenem
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Streptococcal Infections / drug therapy*
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / drug effects*
  • Thienamycins / pharmacology*
  • Vancomycin / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Cephalosporins
  • Thienamycins
  • Vancomycin
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Meropenem
  • Cefotaxime