Abstract
Interactions between beta-catenin and LEF-1/TCF, APC and conductin/axin are essential for wnt-controlled stabilization of beta-catenin and transcriptional activation. The wnt signal transduction pathway is important in both embryonic development and tumor progression. We identify here amino acid residues in beta-catenin that distinctly affect its binding to LEF-1/TCF, APC and conductin. These residues form separate surface clusters, termed hot spots, along the armadillo superhelix of beta-catenin. We also show that complementary charged and hydrophobic amino acids are required for formation of the bipartite beta-catenin-LEF-1 transcription factor. Moreover, we demonstrate that conductin/axin binding to beta-catenin is essential for beta-catenin degradation, and that APC acts as a cofactor of conductin/axin in this process. Binding of APC to conductin/axin activates the latter and occurs between their SAMP and RGS domains, respectively.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Axin Protein
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Binding Sites
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Cell Line
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Conserved Sequence
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Crystallography, X-Ray
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Cytoskeletal Proteins / chemistry*
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Cytoskeletal Proteins / genetics
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Cytoskeletal Proteins / metabolism*
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Cytoskeletal Proteins / pharmacology
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DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
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Dogs
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Humans
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Ligands
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Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1
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Models, Molecular
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutation / genetics
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Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
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Neoplasm Proteins / pharmacology
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Phosphorylation / drug effects
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Protein Binding
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Protein Structure, Secondary
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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Trans-Activators*
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Transcription Factors / chemistry
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / metabolism*
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Transcriptional Activation
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Transfection
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Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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beta Catenin
Substances
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AXIN2 protein, human
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Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein
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Axin Protein
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CTNNB1 protein, human
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Cytoskeletal Proteins
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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LEF1 protein, human
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Ligands
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Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1
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Neoplasm Proteins
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Trans-Activators
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Transcription Factors
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beta Catenin