Abstract
Mismatch repair in many organisms depends on three proteins: the mismatch-recognition protein MutS, a nicking endonuclease MutH, and MutL, which acts as a scaffold between these. However, many genomes lack MutL but possess MutS. In one of these cases, in a coral mitochondrial genome, a gene is present that encodes a MutS protein fused to an HNH nicking endonuclease, potentially eliminating the requirement for MutL. Likewise, many prokaryotes could operate similarly, independently of MutL by encoding a fused MutS-Smr (MutS2) protein. Smr, which is proposed to be a nicking endonuclease, can also be found separately in many eukaryotes, where it might play a role in mismatch repair or meiotic chromosome crossing-over.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Adenosine Triphosphatases*
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Bacterial Proteins / genetics*
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Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
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Bacterial Proteins / physiology
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Base Pair Mismatch*
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Cnidaria / genetics
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Cnidaria / metabolism
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DNA / biosynthesis
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DNA Repair*
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DNA-Binding Proteins*
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Escherichia coli Proteins*
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Mitochondria / metabolism
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Models, Genetic
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Molecular Sequence Data
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MutL Proteins
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MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein
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Phylogeny
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Substances
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Bacterial Proteins
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Escherichia coli Proteins
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MutL protein, E coli
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DNA
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Adenosine Triphosphatases
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MutL Proteins
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MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein
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MutS protein, E coli