Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is frequently reported among the extranodal sites of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, but primary lymphoma of the common bile duct is extremely rare. We report the case of a 29-year-old man who presented with obstructive jaundice, leading to the diagnosis of high-grade primary non Hodgkin's T-cell lymphoma, originating from the extrahepatic biliary tract, and confirmed by endosonography and magnetic resonance cholangiography. This patient was treated by sequential chemotherapy without resection and remained in complete remission after one year.