Abstract
Medical records and biopsy specimens were retrospectively reviewed from 25 dogs diagnosed with unresectable urinary bladder carcinoma and treated with chemotherapy. Our intention was to identify clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical indicators of prognosis. Immunohistochemical stains for P-glycoprotein, glutathione-S-transferase pi, and factor VIII-related antigen were applied to archived tissue. There were more spayed female dogs than castrated male dogs (76% versus 24%). Transitional cell carcinoma was the most common tumor (88%, n = 22), followed by undifferentiated carcinoma (8%, n = 2) and squamous cell carcinoma (4%, n = 1). Overall median survival was 251 days. Histologic diagnosis and immunohistochemical characteristics did not correlate with prognosis. Spayed females survived significantly longer than castrated males (358 days versus 145 days, P = .042). Dogs that received either doxorubicin or mitoxantrone in addition to a platinum-based chemotherapeutic (either cisplatin or carboplatin) lived significantly longer than those that received only a platinum compound (358 days versus 132 days, P = .042).
MeSH terms
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / analysis
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
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Carboplatin / administration & dosage
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Carboplatin / therapeutic use
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Carcinoma / drug therapy
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Carcinoma / pathology
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Carcinoma / veterinary*
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Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
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Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
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Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
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Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / drug therapy
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Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / pathology
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Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / veterinary
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Cisplatin / administration & dosage
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Cisplatin / therapeutic use
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Dog Diseases / drug therapy
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Dog Diseases / pathology*
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Dogs
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Doxorubicin / administration & dosage
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Doxorubicin / therapeutic use
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Factor VIII / analysis
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Female
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Glutathione Transferase / analysis
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Immunohistochemistry
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Male
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Mitoxantrone / therapeutic use
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Prognosis
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Proportional Hazards Models
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Retrospective Studies
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Sex Factors
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / pathology
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / veterinary*
Substances
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Doxorubicin
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Factor VIII
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Carboplatin
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Mitoxantrone
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Glutathione Transferase
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Cisplatin