Neurogenic modulation of the inflammation is an essential mechanism of initiate and conditionate an inflammatory reaction. SP, NKA and NKB--neurokinins are involved in the modulation of the local ocular inflammation initiated by the surgical perforating trauma of the anterior pole. They determine the increase of vascular permeability and the breakdown of the aqueous-humor-blood barrier by direct action on the endothelial vascular receptors and by indirect mechanism (releases prostaglandins). This effect is demonstrated by the increase of the blue Evans concentration in the aqueous-humor after local application of SP, NKA and NKB in a dose-dependent manner. Local treatment with non-steroidal-antiinflammatory drugs like Indomethacin stabilizes the aqueous-humor-blood barrier, by diminishing the local effect of neurokinins. By increasing the vascular permeability SP, NKA and NKB make an important linkage by which the nervous system mediators contribute to the modulation of eye inflammatory responses whose intimate mechanisms are not entirely known yet.