A very large body of research has been devoted to diabetes mellitus with the goal of better understanding this complex disease for better patient treatment. Pathophysiological research in the rat has focused on Pharmacological research suggests that vanadium could be a possible therapeutic agent due to its activity on insulin secretion and its peripheral insulinomimetic properties. Results suggest that the antidiabetic properties of vanadium result from Vanadium derivatives thus comprise a novel class of compounds with promising therapeutic potential and favorable pharmacokinetic properties (oral administration).