The authors evaluated response, time to progression (TTP), survival, prognostic factors, and toxicity in 63 patients with a recurrent glioblastoma multiforme treated with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy. Complete and partial response was observed in two (3%) and five patients (8%). In 16 patients (25%), stable disease was observed. Median TTP and survival were 13 and 33 weeks. Age < 40 years and Karnofsky Performance Status > or = 90 were associated with longer TTP and survival. PCV treatment was generally well tolerated.