Nocturnal oxygen desaturation in patients with congestive heart failure

Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1999 May-Jun;75(5-6):31-8.

Abstract

The aim of our study was to evaluate the modifications of the respiratory pattern during sleeping in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) by a simple pulse-oxymetry. We studied 10 subjects (8M/2F), mean age 71.4 +/- 12.4 yrs, admitted to sub-intensive cardiological therapy unit, with diagnosis of CHF due to left ventricular insufficiency by ischemic, hypertensive or idiopathic cardiopathy, when in a stable clinical condition. All patients presented arterial blood gas values within normal limits. The ejection fraction of left ventricle showed a mean value of 30.4 +/- 8.2% (range 20%-45%). Nocturnal pulse-oxymetry was performed by pulse-oxymeter (PULSOX 7 Minolta) provided with a digital probe at a sliding speed 24 cm/h. Our data showed that all patients presented nocturnal desaturation episodes (mean oxygen desaturation index 15.7 +/- 18.4). In two patients, we found an "Overlap Syndrome" (obstructive sleep apnoea in presence of cardiopathy). In other patients pulse-oxymetry showed a typical sequence of "fall-rise" basal O2 saturation lasting from 36 to 72 seconds, collected in "wave trains" which were present from 14% to 70% of total sleep time compatible with periodic breathing. In conclusion, our study shows that patients affected by CHF, even if in stable condition and with a PaO2, within normal values, present more or less severe disturbances of nocturnal SaO2, with periodic and regular sequences of SaO2 fall-rise that may be referred to ventilatory troubles such as periodic breathing or Cheyne-Stokes breathing. In these patients the pulse-oxymetry may be considered an efficacious, simple, cheap and well tolerated method.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / complications
  • Heart Failure / metabolism*
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia / etiology
  • Hypoxia / metabolism*
  • Hypoxia / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Oximetry / methods
  • Oxygen / metabolism*
  • Parasomnias / etiology
  • Parasomnias / metabolism*
  • Parasomnias / physiopathology

Substances

  • Oxygen