Objective: To extend the limited knowledge of efavirenz tolerance in children.
Method: An observational study of 33 children given efavirenz combined with various others agents and followed in a single institution.
Results: Fifteen (42%) of the children presented at least one clinically discernable side effect, cutaneous (n = 5), nervous system (n = 10), or both (n = 2). Intolerance led to treatment interruption in seven children but the main symptom was transitory dizziness or other signs similar to those observed in adults.
Conclusion: Early, often transient nervous system side effects require careful preparation with the child and his family to avoid premature and inadequate withdrawal from treatment.