Increased calcium vulnerability of senescent cardiac mitochondria: protective role for a mitochondrial potassium channel opener

Mech Ageing Dev. 2001 Jul 31;122(10):1073-86. doi: 10.1016/s0047-6374(01)00242-1.

Abstract

In senescence, endogenous mechanisms of cardioprotection are apparently attenuated resulting in increased vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion. In particular, mitochondria, which are essential in maintaining cardiac energetic and ionic homeostasis, are susceptible to Ca2+ overload, a component of metabolic injury. However, effective means of protecting senescent mitochondria are lacking. Here, mitochondrial function and structure were assessed using ion-selective mini-electrodes, high-performance liquid chromatography and electron microscopy. Aging decreased ADP-induced oxygen consumption and prolonged the time associated with ADP to ATP conversion, which manifested as a reduced rate of oxidative phosphorylation. Aging also reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, and increased Ca2+-induced mitochondrial damage. Diazoxide, a potassium channel opener, reduced Ca2+ loading and protected the functional and structural integrity of senescent mitochondria from Ca2+-induced injury. In this way, the present study identifies the potential usefulness for pharmacotherapy in protecting vulnerable senescent mitochondria from conditions of Ca2+ overload, such as ischemia-reperfusion.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aging
  • Animals
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Diazoxide
  • Ion Channel Gating
  • Mitochondria, Heart / metabolism*
  • Myocardium / metabolism*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Phosphorylation
  • Potassium Channels / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred F344

Substances

  • Potassium Channels
  • Diazoxide
  • Calcium