Functional heterogeneity of cytokines and cytolytic effector molecules in human CD8+ T lymphocytes

J Immunol. 2001 Jul 1;167(1):181-7. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.1.181.

Abstract

CD8(+) T cells use a number of effector mechanisms to protect the host against infection. We have studied human CD8(+) T cells specific for CMV pp65(495-503) epitope, or for staphylococcal enterotoxin B, for the expression patterns of five cytokines and cytolytic effector molecules before and after antigenic stimulation. Ex vivo, the cytolytic molecule granzyme B was detected in a majority of circulating CMV-specific CD8(+) T cells, whereas perforin was rarely expressed. Both were highly expressed after Ag-specific activation accompanied by CD45RO up-regulation. TNF-alpha, IFN gamma, and IL-2 were sequentially acquired on recognition of Ag, but surprisingly, only around half of the CMV-specific CD8(+) T cells responded to antigenic stimuli with production of any cytokine measured. A dominant population coexpressed TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, and cells expressing TNF-alpha only, IFN-gamma only, or all three cytokines together also occurred at lower but clearly detectable frequencies. Interestingly, perforin expression and production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in CD8(+) T cells responding to staphylococcal enterotoxin B appeared to be largely segregated, and no IL-2 was detected in perforin-positive cells. Together, these data indicate that human CD8(+) T cells can be functionally segregated in vivo and have implications for the understanding of human CD8(+) T cell differentiation and specialization and regulation of effector mechanisms.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, Surface / biosynthesis
  • Biomarkers
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / enzymology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology
  • Cell Differentiation / immunology
  • Cell Line
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Cytokines / physiology*
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / physiology*
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / immunology
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / metabolism
  • Granzymes
  • Humans
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Interferon-gamma / biosynthesis
  • Interleukin-2 / biosynthesis
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / biosynthesis
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology
  • Perforin
  • Phosphoproteins / immunology
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins
  • Serine Endopeptidases / biosynthesis
  • Serine Endopeptidases / physiology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / enzymology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / virology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / cytology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / enzymology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / virology
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / biosynthesis
  • Viral Matrix Proteins / immunology
  • Viral Matrix Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Antigens, Surface
  • Biomarkers
  • Cytokines
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • Interleukin-2
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Viral Matrix Proteins
  • cytomegalovirus matrix protein 65kDa
  • Perforin
  • Interferon-gamma
  • GZMB protein, human
  • Granzymes
  • Serine Endopeptidases