Life-threatening hyperkalemia after intravenous labetolol injection for hypertensive emergency in a hemodialysis patient

Am J Nephrol. 2001 May-Jun;21(3):241-4. doi: 10.1159/000046255.

Abstract

Intravenous labetolol, a nonselective alpha- and beta-blocking drug, is commonly used to treat severe hypertension. Nonselective beta-blockers can cause hyperkalemia, especially in patients with renal failure. One series reported 3 renal transplant patients who had hyperkalemia after labetolol infusion, but none of these patients developed any serious complication. We report a case of life-threatening hyperkalemia (serum [K+] 9.9 mEq/l) with ventricular tachycardia and hypotension in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis who received labetolol for a hypertensive emergency. Physicians should be aware of this potentially lethal complication, which is easily preventable.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / adverse effects*
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Adult
  • Humans
  • Hyperkalemia / chemically induced*
  • Hypertension, Malignant / drug therapy*
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy*
  • Labetalol / adverse effects*
  • Labetalol / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Renal Dialysis / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Labetalol