Abstract
Three consecutive patients with no apparent immunodeficiency who had frequent intraoral herpes simplex type 1 recurrences, a rare complication of herpes simplex virus infection, were found to have a total deficiency of either the A or B isotype of the complement component C4 and to be homozygous for the studied HLA antigens. A combination of HLA homozygosity, which may lead to impaired T cell recognition of viral peptides, and deficiency in the classical complement pathway, which can compromise virus neutralization, may predispose to severe and frequent herpes simplex virus infections.
Publication types
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Case Reports
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adult
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Complement C4 / deficiency*
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Female
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HLA Antigens / genetics*
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HLA Antigens / immunology
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HLA-A Antigens / genetics
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HLA-A Antigens / immunology
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HLA-B Antigens / genetics
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HLA-B Antigens / immunology
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HLA-C Antigens / genetics
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HLA-C Antigens / immunology
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HLA-DR Antigens / genetics
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HLA-DR Antigens / immunology
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Herpes Simplex / blood
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Herpes Simplex / immunology*
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Herpesvirus 1, Human / immunology*
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Homozygote
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Humans
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Middle Aged
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Mouth Diseases / blood
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Mouth Diseases / immunology*
Substances
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Complement C4
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HLA Antigens
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HLA-A Antigens
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HLA-B Antigens
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HLA-C Antigens
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HLA-DR Antigens