The reduction of red blood cell mass is a main change of hematology under microgravity. It is considered that the decrease of erythroid cell production is the key cause. The studies on reticulocytes, Price-Jones curve, ferrum turn over, cytology of bone marrow and Erythropoietin (Epo) level suggested the suppression of erythropoiesis was due to microgravity. The mechanisms about it and the aspects of research in the future were discussed briefly.