Cold-induced rhinitis in skiers--clinical aspects and treatment with ipratropium bromide nasal spray: a randomized controlled trial

Am J Rhinol. 2001 Sep-Oct;15(5):297-301.

Abstract

Cold-induced rhinitis (CIR) is common among skiers and is perceived as a troublesome disease. We studied the clinical characteristics of CIR in a population of skiers and we evaluated the effectiveness of ipratropium bromide nasal spray (IBNS) in relieving symptoms in a double-blind placebo-controlled fashion. By means of specific questionnaires, we evaluated 144 subjects (69% men; mean age, 42.2 years). The prevalence of CIR was 48.6% and the distinctive symptom was rhinorrhea (96%), often severe. The prevalence of atopy was higher in the CIR patients (chi2; p = 0.004). Twenty-eight CIR subjects participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial for evaluating the effectiveness of IBNS (80 microg twice per day [b.i.d.]). The severity of symptoms was assessed by a visual analog scale, and the number of cleaning tissues used also was evaluated. The actively treated group showed a significant improvement of rhinorrhea (p = 0.0007) and a reduction in the number of cleaning tissues used (p = 0.0023). Only four mild local side effects were reported. We conclude that IBNS could be regarded as an optimal therapeutic option for treating CIR symptoms in skiers.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Cholinergic Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Cold Temperature / adverse effects
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ipratropium / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Rhinitis / drug therapy*
  • Rhinitis / etiology
  • Skiing*

Substances

  • Cholinergic Antagonists
  • Ipratropium