Urate-oxidase in the prevention and treatment of metabolic complications in patients with B-cell lymphoma and leukemia, treated in the Société Française d'Oncologie Pédiatrique LMB89 protocol

Ann Oncol. 2002 May;13(5):789-95. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdf134.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of metabolic complications and dialysis due to tumor lysis syndrome in patients with B-cell advanced-stage non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and L3 leukemia at initiation of chemotherapy including the use of urate-oxidase.

Patients and methods: Retrospective review of the clinical records of 410 patients with stage III and IV B-cell NHL and L3 leukemia treated in France and prospectively registered in the LMB89 protocol.

Results: During the first week of chemotherapy, only 34 of 410 patients recorded metabolic problems that included hypocalcemia (< 70 mg/dl) in 24 patients, hyperphosphatemia (> 6.5 mg/dl) in 28 and elevation of creatinine > or = 2 SD in 16. Six patients underwent dialysis for life-threatening problems and a seventh as a preventive measure. In the other 27 cases, metabolic problems were successfully resolved using urate-oxidase in combination with alkaline hyperhydration. Among the 410 patients, one case of hemolysis was reported and there was no severe allergic reaction to urate-oxidase.

Conclusions: Only 1.7% of patients in our study receiving urate-oxidase during their induction chemotherapy needed renal dialysis. Urate-oxidase was well tolerated, and used as prophylaxis and/or treatment of hyperuricemia and tumor lysis syndrome consistently gave a lower rate of renal and metabolic complications than in other series of similar patients.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage*
  • Cyclophosphamide / adverse effects
  • Cytarabine / administration & dosage*
  • Cytarabine / adverse effects
  • Doxorubicin / administration & dosage*
  • Doxorubicin / adverse effects
  • Etoposide / administration & dosage*
  • Etoposide / adverse effects
  • Female
  • France
  • Humans
  • Hydrocortisone / administration & dosage*
  • Hydrocortisone / adverse effects
  • Leucovorin / administration & dosage*
  • Leucovorin / adverse effects
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / drug therapy*
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / mortality
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology
  • Male
  • Methotrexate / administration & dosage*
  • Methotrexate / adverse effects
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / drug therapy*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / mortality
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / pathology
  • Prednisone / administration & dosage*
  • Prednisone / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tumor Lysis Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Tumor Lysis Syndrome / etiology*
  • Tumor Lysis Syndrome / mortality
  • Urate Oxidase / administration & dosage
  • Urate Oxidase / adverse effects*
  • Vincristine / administration & dosage*
  • Vincristine / adverse effects

Substances

  • Cytarabine
  • Vincristine
  • Etoposide
  • Doxorubicin
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Urate Oxidase
  • Leucovorin
  • Prednisone
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Methotrexate

Supplementary concepts

  • LMB89 protocol