Full-length HERV-H elements with env SU open reading frames in the human genome

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2002 Jun 10;18(9):671-6. doi: 10.1089/088922202760019383.

Abstract

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are estimated to represent at least 1% of the human genome. An HERV-H env SU sequence (HERV-H19) was used to screen the high-throughput (htgs) and nonredundant (nr) databases for other HERV-H SU open reading frames (ORFs) and thus possible functional proteins. Using PCR with primers derived from HERV-H19 SU, we also obtained several new sequences with ORFs from a human DNA sample. In a phylogenetic analysis, ORF-containing sequences clustered with HERV-H sequences from chromosomes 1 and 2. SU ORF- and non-SU ORF-containing elements had about the same difference between 5' and 3' long terminal repeats (LTRs) (about 4%), indicating a similar time of integration. SU ORF sequences had a moderately high number of synonymous-versus-nonsynonymous mutations, which indicates a selection for maintenance of the HERV-H SU ORFs.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1*
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2*
  • Endogenous Retroviruses / genetics*
  • Gene Products, env / genetics*
  • Genome, Human
  • Humans
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Multigene Family
  • Mutation
  • Open Reading Frames / genetics
  • Retroviridae Proteins / genetics*
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Substances

  • Gene Products, env
  • HERV-H19 protein, human
  • Retroviridae Proteins

Associated data

  • GENBANK/AJ289710
  • GENBANK/AJ289711