Oxaliplatin plus raltitrexed and leucovorin-modulated 5-fluorouracil i.v. bolus: a salvage regimen for colorectal cancer patients

Br J Cancer. 2002 Jun 17;86(12):1871-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600414.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to define the activity and tolerability of a triplet regimen including oxaliplatin 130 mg x m(-2) (2 h i.v. infusion) and raltitrexed 3.0 mg x m(-2) (15 min i.v. infusion) given on day 1, followed by levo-folinic acid 250 mg x m(-2) (2 h i.v. infusion) and 5-fluorouracil 1050 mg x m(-2) i.v. bolus on day 2, every 2 weeks, in pretreated colorectal cancer patients. From April 1999 to December 2000, 50 patients were enrolled: 26 were males and 24 females, their median age was 63 (range, 43-79) years; ECOG performance status was 0 in 26 patients, > or =1 in 24 patients; 26 patients had received previous adjuvant chemotherapy, 40 patients had been exposed to one or two lines of palliative chemotherapy (including irinotecan in 31 cases); 18 patients were considered chemo-refractory. A total of 288 cycles were administered, with a median number of 6 (range 1-12) courses per patient. A complete response was obtained in three patients, and a partial response in nine patients, giving a major response rate of 24% (95% confidence interval, 13-38%), while 15 further patients showed a stable disease, for an overall control of tumour growth in 60% of patients. Three complete responses and three partial responses were obtained in patients pretreated with irinotecan (response rate, 19%); among refractory patients, three achieved partial responses (response rate, 13%). After a median follow-up of 18 (range, 10-30) months, 40 patients showed a progression of disease: the growth modulation index ranged between 0.2 and 2.5: it was > or =1.33 (showing a significant delay of tumour growth) in 16 (40%) patients. Actuarial median progression-free survival time was 7.6 months, and median survival time was 13.6 months: estimated probability of survival was 55% at 1 year. Main severe toxicity was neutropenia: World Health Organisation grade 4 affected 32% of patients; non-haematological toxicity was mild: World Health Organisation grade 3 diarrhoea was complained of by 8%, and grade 3 stomatitis by 4% of patients; neurotoxicity (according to Lévi scale) was scored as grade 3 in 8% of patients. In conclusion, this regimen was manageable and active as salvage treatment of advanced colorectal cancer patients; it showed incomplete cross-resistance with irinotecan-based treatments, and proved to delay the progression of disease in a relevant proportion of treated patients.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Clinical Trial, Phase II

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Camptothecin / administration & dosage
  • Camptothecin / analogs & derivatives
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Disease Progression
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Fluorouracil / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Irinotecan
  • Leucovorin / administration & dosage
  • Leucovorin / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / adverse effects
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Quinazolines / administration & dosage
  • Quinazolines / adverse effects
  • Salvage Therapy
  • Thiophenes / administration & dosage
  • Thiophenes / adverse effects
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Quinazolines
  • Thiophenes
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Irinotecan
  • raltitrexed
  • Leucovorin
  • Fluorouracil
  • Camptothecin