Is visual memory predictive of below-average academic achievement in second through fourth graders?

Optom Vis Sci. 2002 Jul;79(7):431-4. doi: 10.1097/00006324-200207000-00011.

Abstract

Purpose: Controversy exists regarding the relation between visual memory and academic achievement.

Methods: A masked investigation of the relation between visual memory and academics was performed in 155 second-through fourth-grade children (mean age = 8.83 years). Visual memory ability was assessed with the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills visual memory subtest. The school administered the Otis-Lennon School Ability Test and Stanford Achievement Test. Age and verbal ability were controlled in all regression analyses.

Results: Visual memory score was significantly predictive of below-average word decoding (p = 0.027), total math score (p = 0.031), and Stanford complete battery score (p = 0.018). Visual memory score showed a positive trend in predicting reading comprehension (p = 0.093).

Conclusions: Poor visual memory ability (as measured by the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills) is significantly related to below-average reading decoding, math, and overall academic achievement (as measured by the Stanford Achievement Test) in second- through fourth-grade children, while controlling for age and verbal ability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Achievement*
  • Aptitude
  • Child
  • Comprehension
  • Forecasting
  • Humans
  • Language
  • Mathematics
  • Memory*
  • Reading
  • Regression Analysis
  • Schools*
  • Visual Perception*