Protease-activated receptor-2 stimulates angiogenesis and accelerates hemodynamic recovery in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia

Circ Res. 2002 Aug 23;91(4):346-52. doi: 10.1161/01.res.0000031958.92781.9e.

Abstract

Proteinase-activated receptors (PAR-2) are expressed by the cardiovascular system and mediate vasodilation, plasma protein extravasation, and endothelial cell proliferation, all regarded as essential steps for neovascularization. We investigated the angiogenic action of PAR-2 signaling in vivo. The effect of the PAR-2 activating peptide (PAR-2AP, SLIGRL-NH2) was assessed in the absence of ischemia, and the therapeutic potential of PAR-2AP and the PAR-2 agonist trypsin (at 300 and 1.5 nmol IM daily for 21 days, respectively) was also tested in mice subjected to unilateral limb ischemia. PAR-2AP increased capillarity in normoperfused adductor skeletal muscles, whereas neither the vehicle of the PAR2-AP nor the PAR-2 reverse peptide (PAR-2RP, LRGILS-NH2) did produce any effect. In addition, both PAR-2AP and trypsin enhanced reparative angiogenic response to limb ischemia, an effect that was not produced by PAR-2RP or the vehicle of PAR-2 agonists. Potentiation of reparative angiogenesis by PAR-2AP or trypsin resulted in an accelerated hemodynamic recovery and enhanced limb salvage. In conclusions, our study is the first to demonstrate the angiogenic potential of PAR-2 stimulation in vivo. If similar effects occur in humans, PAR-2AP agonists could have some therapeutic potential for the treatment of tissue ischemia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Capillaries / drug effects
  • Capillaries / pathology
  • Capillaries / physiopathology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Hemodynamics / drug effects
  • Hemodynamics / physiology
  • Hindlimb / blood supply*
  • Injections, Intramuscular
  • Ischemia / drug therapy
  • Ischemia / pathology
  • Ischemia / physiopathology*
  • Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Muscle, Skeletal / blood supply
  • Muscle, Skeletal / drug effects
  • Muscle, Skeletal / pathology
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic* / drug effects
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic* / physiology
  • Oligopeptides / pharmacology
  • Receptor, PAR-2
  • Receptors, Thrombin / agonists
  • Receptors, Thrombin / genetics
  • Receptors, Thrombin / metabolism*
  • Recovery of Function / drug effects
  • Regional Blood Flow / drug effects
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Oligopeptides
  • Receptor, PAR-2
  • Receptors, Thrombin
  • seryl-leucyl-isoleucyl-glycyl--arginyl-leucinamide