[Acute complications in cocaine users]

Ann Med Interne (Paris). 2002 May;153(3 Suppl):1S27-31.
[Article in French]

Abstract

Cocaine use has increased considerably during the last twenty years and several related complications can be identified. Clinical features of cocaine intoxication are variable, but predominantly involve cardiovascular events. Chest pain is the most main complaint; myocardial ischemia must be ruled out. Other cardiovascular manifestations are left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmia, endocarditis and aortic dissection. Non-cardiac complications include neurological (seizures, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage), respiratory (asthma, interstitial pneumonitis, pulmonary edema), renal (acute renal failure, rhabdomyolysis) and obstetrical disorders. Detection of cocaine in the urine provides the diagnosis. Symptomatic treatment is generally given, combining conventional treatment of the complication and broad use of benzodiazepines.

Publication types

  • English Abstract
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Chest Pain / etiology
  • Cocaine / adverse effects*
  • Cocaine-Related Disorders
  • Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kidney Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Nervous System Diseases / chemically induced
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications / chemically induced

Substances

  • Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors
  • Cocaine