Nipradilol inhibits apoptosis by preventing the activation of caspase-3 via S-nitrosylation and the cGMP-dependent pathway

Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Oct 11;452(3):263-8. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02329-4.

Abstract

To study whether nipradilol, which is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of glaucoma, has a cytoprotective effect, we investigated its effect on the apoptosis induced by serum withdrawal in PC12 cells. Nipradilol has alpha1- and beta-adrenoceptor-blocking and nitric oxide (NO)-donating properties. We also investigated the effects of timolol, prazosin and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) on PC12 cell death. Serum withdrawal from PC12 cells resulted in apoptosis, and the survival rate was decreased in a time-dependent manner. The addition of nipradilol to the medium showed a cytoprotective effect on PC12 cell death in a dose-dependent manner, but timolol and prazosin did not. We measured caspase-3 activity to clarify the mechanism of the inhibition of apoptosis in the presence or absence of dithiothreitol (DTT). The caspase-3 activity could be reactivated by DTT. In addition, to investigate the relationship of the cGMP-dependent pathway to the nipradilol-induced cytoprotective effect, we tested the effect of the protein kinase G inhibitor KT5823. KT5823 partially reversed the nipradilol-mediated cytoprotective effect. These results indicate that the cytoprotective effect of nipradilol in PC12 cell death was due to the caspase-3 inhibition mediated by NO-related S-nitrosylation and activation of protein kinase G.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • Caspase 3
  • Caspase Inhibitors*
  • Caspases / metabolism
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / physiology
  • Cyclic GMP / metabolism*
  • Cytoprotection / drug effects
  • Cytoprotection / physiology
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Enzyme Activation / physiology
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism*
  • PC12 Cells
  • Propanolamines / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / physiology

Substances

  • Caspase Inhibitors
  • Propanolamines
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Casp3 protein, rat
  • Caspase 3
  • Caspases
  • nipradilol
  • Cyclic GMP