A truncated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 protein blocks the availability of heparin-binding vascular endothelial growth factor A isoforms

J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 13;277(50):49077-89. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M208757200. Epub 2002 Oct 14.

Abstract

We have made deletions of the porcine plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene to obtain recombinant truncated PAI-1 proteins to examine functions of the PAI-1 isoforms. We previously reported that one recombinant truncated protein, rPAI-1(23), induces the formation of angiostatin by cleaving plasmin. The rPAI-1(23) protein is also able to bind urokinase plasminogen activator and plasminogen and then reduce the amount of plasmin that is formed. We have now prepared three different truncated rPAI-1 proteins and demonstrate that PAI-1 conformations control the release of heparin-binding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms. The rPAI-1(23) isoform can regulate the functional activity of heparan sulfate-binding VEGF-A isoforms by blocking the activation of VEGF from heparan sulfate. The rPAI-1(23) conformation induced extensive apoptosis in cultured endothelial cells and thus reduced the number of proliferating cells. The rPAI-1(23) isoform inhibited migration of VEGF-stimulated sprouting from chick aortic rings by 65%, thus displaying a role in anti-angiogenic mechanisms. This insight into anti-angiogenic functions related to PAI-1 conformational changes could provide potential intervention points in angiogenesis associated with atherosclerotic plaques and cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Base Sequence
  • Cattle
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chick Embryo
  • Culture Media
  • DNA Primers
  • Endothelial Growth Factors / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Endothelial Growth Factors / metabolism
  • Endothelium, Vascular / cytology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / metabolism
  • Heparin / metabolism*
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • Lymphokines / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Lymphokines / metabolism
  • Plasminogen / metabolism
  • Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / chemistry
  • Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / physiology*
  • Protein Binding
  • Swine
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / metabolism
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Substances

  • Culture Media
  • DNA Primers
  • Endothelial Growth Factors
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Lymphokines
  • Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
  • Plasminogen
  • Heparin
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator