Abstract
The methanolic extract from the leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) was found to suppress serum triglyceride elevation in olive oil-loaded mice. Through bioassay-guided separation, sesquiterpenes (cynaropicrin, aguerin B, and grosheimin) were isolated as the active components together with new sesquiterpene glycosides (cynarascolosides A, B, and C). The oxygen functional groups at the 3- and 8-positions and exo-methylene moiety in alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone ring were found to be essential for the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of guaiane-type sesquiterpene. In addition, inhibition of gastric emptying was shown to be partly involved in anti-hyperlipidemic activity.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Clofibrate / pharmacology
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Crystallography, X-Ray
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Cynara / chemistry*
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Glycosides / isolation & purification
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Glycosides / pharmacology
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Hypolipidemic Agents / isolation & purification*
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Hypolipidemic Agents / pharmacology*
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Lipids / blood
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Methanol
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Mice
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Models, Molecular
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Molecular Conformation
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Olive Oil
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Plant Extracts / chemistry
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology
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Plant Leaves / chemistry
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Plant Oils / pharmacology
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Sesquiterpenes / isolation & purification*
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Sesquiterpenes / pharmacology*
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Solvents
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Structure-Activity Relationship
Substances
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Glycosides
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Hypolipidemic Agents
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Lipids
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Olive Oil
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Plant Extracts
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Plant Oils
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Sesquiterpenes
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Solvents
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Clofibrate
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Methanol