A prospective study of the association between smoking and later alcohol drinking in the general population

Addiction. 2003 Mar;98(3):355-63. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00304.x.

Abstract

Aims: To address the possible prospective association between smoking habits and risk of later heavy drinking in the adult population.

Design: Pooled population-based long-term cohort studies with repeated assessments of smoking and alcohol habits.

Setting: Copenhagen, Denmark.

Participants: A total of 14,130 non- to moderate drinkers at baseline, who attended re-examination.

Measurements: Among the non- to moderate drinkers we addressed the relation between smoking habits at first examination and the risk of becoming a heavy and excessive drinker at follow-up.

Findings: Level of tobacco consumption at first examination predicted an increased risk of becoming a heavy and excessive drinker in a dose-dependent manner. Men who smoked more than 25 g of tobacco per day had adjusted odds ratios of 2.12 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44-3.11) and 3.95 (95% CI: 1.93-8.95) for becoming heavy and excessive drinkers, compared to participants who had never smoked. Equivalent estimates among women were 1.76 (95% CI: 1.02-3.04) and 2.21 (95% CI: 1.00-4.58), respectively.

Conclusions: This study suggests that tobacco use is associated quantitatively with later risk of heavier drinking.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alcohol Drinking / epidemiology
  • Alcoholism / epidemiology
  • Alcoholism / etiology*
  • Confidence Intervals
  • Denmark / epidemiology
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Odds Ratio
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Smoking / adverse effects*
  • Smoking / epidemiology