Undernutrition is one of the most important health problems in developing countries. Examining its determinants implies the investigation of a complex association structure including a large number of potential influence variables and different types of influences. A recently developed statistical technique to cope with such situations are graphical chain models. In this paper, this approach is used to investigate the determinants of undernutrition in Benin (West Africa). Since this method also reveals indirect influences, interesting insight is gained into the association structure of all variables incorporated. The analysis identifies mother's education, socioeconomic status, and religion as three variables with particularly strong direct and indirect linkages to undernutrition.