Instability of the glenohumeral joint can be associated with anteroinferior capsulolabral rupture. To understand its static stabilizing effect better, the collagen fiber orientation of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL), a component of the anteroinferior capsulolabrum, was studied with a small angle light scattering technique. Three rectangular samples (approximately 11 x 6 mm) were excised from the axillary pouch, one from the anterior band (AB) of the IGHL and one control sample from the long head of the biceps tendon of 7 cadaveric shoulders. The small angle light scattering technique scans the tissue with a helium-neon laser beam and quantifies the fiber alignment based on the resultant scattering pattern. The fiber orientation was quantified by an orientation index, defined as the angle within which 50% of the fibers lie. The axillary pouch had a random orientation, whereas the AB-IGHL was random with some regions of localized alignment. The percentage of tissue with an orientation index range of 25 degrees to 45 degrees was 23.2% +/- 8.5% and 29.0% +/- 13.1% for the axillary pouch and the AB-IGHL, respectively, whereas that for the long head of the biceps tendon was 61.6% +/- 15.2%. This suggests that the collagen fibers in the IGHL are not highly aligned and the anteroinferior capsulolabrum can be modeled as a continuous sheet. Moreover, a biomechanical evaluation of the anteroinferior capsulolabrum that investigates the possibility that the mechanical properties may be directionally independent should be conducted.