Clinical comparison of the selective serotonin3 antagonists ramosetron and granisetron in treating acute chemotherapy-induced emesis, nausea and anorexia

Chin Med Sci J. 2002 Sep;17(3):168-72.

Abstract

Objective: The efficacies of the selective 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) antagonists--ramosetron (0.3 mg) and granisetron (3 mg) in treating acute chemotherapy-induced digestive system dysunction were compared.

Methods: A total of 111 patients were enrolled in a single-blind, randomised crossover study; with data from 98 were used to assess efficacy and data from 110 to assess the safety profile. Ramosetron or granisetron was given intraveneously 15 min befire chemotherpy.

Results: The ability of ramosetron to prevent emesis, nausea and anorexia was similar to granisetron during the first 6 h following the administration of chemotherapy, ciplatin or doxorubicin. However, during the first 24 h after chemotherapy, significant differences between ramosetron and granisetron appeared: emetic episode (P = 0.068), nausea (P = 0.006), and anorexia (P = 0.048) remained lower in ramosetron-treated patients. The safety profile of ramosetron was similar to that of granisetron and adverse events in both groups were generally mild and transient.

Conclusion: Ramosetron is more potent and longer-lasting than granisetron in preventing chemotherapy-induced digestive disturbances.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anorexia / chemically induced
  • Anorexia / drug therapy
  • Antiemetics / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Benzimidazoles / therapeutic use*
  • Cisplatin / adverse effects
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Doxorubicin / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Granisetron / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nausea / chemically induced
  • Nausea / prevention & control*
  • Serotonin Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Vomiting, Anticipatory / etiology
  • Vomiting, Anticipatory / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Antiemetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Benzimidazoles
  • Serotonin Antagonists
  • ramosetron
  • Doxorubicin
  • Cisplatin
  • Granisetron