Adverse events associated with intravenous phenytoin in children: a prospective study

Seizure. 2003 Sep;12(6):369-72. doi: 10.1016/s1059-1311(02)00338-2.

Abstract

A prospective study was undertaken to assess the type and frequency of adverse side-effects following the use of intravenous phenytoin in children. Twenty-two children received a total of 100 doses over a 10-month period. Six patients (27%) experienced one or more side-effects, including extravasation of the drug, hypotension and cardiac arrhythmia. No patient developed skin necrosis, including the 'purple glove syndrome'. Recovery from all adverse side-effects was spontaneous and complete. It is possible that some or all of these side-effects may have been caused by an excessive rate of infusion of phenytoin or the saline 'flush' following administration of the drug. The overall frequency of side-effects was perhaps less than expected.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anticonvulsants / administration & dosage
  • Anticonvulsants / adverse effects*
  • Arrhythmia, Sinus / chemically induced
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Epilepsy / drug therapy*
  • Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypotension / chemically induced
  • Infant
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Male
  • Phenytoin / administration & dosage
  • Phenytoin / adverse effects*
  • Prospective Studies

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants
  • Phenytoin