Internal thoracic artery vs. vein grafts--postoperative angiographic findings in symptomatic patients after 1000 days

Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003 Oct;51(5):239-43. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-43078.

Abstract

Background: Superior patency-rate of ITA, especially BITA-grafting to saphenous vein grafts, is conclusive. This study evaluates angiographic findings postoperatively in 663 symptomatic patients receiving one or both ITAs and vein grafts.

Methods: 663 patients (553 male, mean age 62) with CABG operated between 1/94 and 6/02 underwent reangiography due to reappearance of angina or unclear cardiac symptoms. Angiographic data were compared for patency rate of single ITA (n = 379), bilateral ITA (n = 220) or vein grafts. Recatherization was performed after an average of 1000 days (+/- 766 days). Severe bypass stenosis or occlusion was related to target vessels for all grafts.

Results: 2099 Bypasses were performed in 663 patients. Severe stenosis or occlusion was detected in 255 ACB (19.9 %) of 1280 and 93 ITAs of 819 (11.4 %, p < 0.001). Patency was 88.8 % (532) for LITA, 88.2 % (194) for RITA. Target vessels were as follows: LITA: 60 % (358) LAD, 23.5 % (141) CX, RITA: 82 % (180) LAD. Occlusion rate for LITA was as follows: to LAD 7 %, to DIA 8.7 %, to CX 8.5 %. Occlusion rate for RITA as follows: to LAD 6.7 %, to DIA 16.7 %, to CX 0, to RCA 14.3 %. Occlusion rate for ACB was as follows: to LAD 18.7 %, to DIA 12.6 %, to CX 14.1 %, to RCA 16.1 %. Despite symptoms, bypass patency was observed in 412 (62.1 %) of 663 patients.

Conclusions: Superior patency of ITA, especially BITA grafting could be documented angiographically in a negative selected symptomatic population. Graft occlusion was nearly two fold higher in vein grafts. Our surgical strategy, revascularizising RITA with LAD, LITA with circumflex artery results in satisfactory mid-term graft patency.

MeSH terms

  • Angina Pectoris / etiology
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / methods
  • Dyspnea / etiology
  • Female
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / diagnostic imaging*
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / etiology*
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mammary Arteries / physiopathology
  • Mammary Arteries / surgery*
  • Middle Aged
  • Saphenous Vein / physiopathology
  • Saphenous Vein / surgery*