Vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated activation of p38 is dependent upon Src and RAFTK/Pyk2

Oncogene. 2004 Feb 12;23(6):1275-82. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207243.

Abstract

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in primary endothelial cells and may be critical for VEGF-induced angiogenesis. We investigated the molecular basis for p38 activation in response to VEGF. The expression of a C-terminal splice variant of FAK, FRNK, had no affect on VEGF-induced activation of p38; however, expression of a dominant-negative RAFTK/Pyk2 mutant led to a decrease in the activation of p38, but had no affect on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Since calcium regulates RAFTK/Pyk2, we investigated its role in p38 activity. Preincubation with EGTA suppressed p38 activation, while calcium ionophore induced p38 activity. Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) resulted in complete inhibition of ERK, while having no affect on p38 activity. These data suggested a bifurcation in the regulation of MAPKs that occurs at the level of PLC and RAFTK/Pyk2 activation. Src family kinases interact with RAFTK/Pyk2. Inhibition of Src by either pharmacological or genetic means decreased p38 activity. Finally, we found that both Src and RAFTK/Pyk2 were essential for endothelial cell migration. These data identified a novel regulatory network involving extracellular calcium, RAFTK/Pyk2, Src and p38. This signaling network appears to be critical for VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Calcium / physiology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chemotaxis / drug effects
  • Chemotaxis / physiology*
  • Culture Media, Serum-Free
  • Egtazic Acid / pharmacology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / drug effects
  • Endothelium, Vascular / physiology*
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 2
  • Humans
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism*
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Umbilical Veins
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / pharmacology*
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Culture Media, Serum-Free
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Egtazic Acid
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 2
  • src-Family Kinases
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Calcium