Search for anomalously heavy isotopes of helium in the earth's atmosphere

Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Jan 16;92(2):022501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.022501. Epub 2004 Jan 13.

Abstract

Our knowledge of the possible existence in nature of stable exotic particles depends solely upon experimental observation. Using a sensitive laser spectroscopy technique, we searched for a doubly charged particle accompanied by two electrons as an anomalously heavy isotope of helium in the Earth's atmosphere. The concentration of noble-gas-like atoms in the atmosphere and the subsequent very large depletion of the light (3,4)He isotopes allow stringent upper limits to be set on the abundance: 10(-12)-10(-17) per atom in the solar system over the mass range of 20-10 000 amu.