[Health-related quality of life in the Spanish women through and beyond menopause. Development and validation of the Cervantes Scale]

Med Clin (Barc). 2004 Feb 21;122(6):205-11. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7753(04)74198-6.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background and objective: There are numerous health-related quality of life questionnaires but only a few are specific for the menopause. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a specific scale, the Cervantes Scale, for menopause in Spanish women.

Subjects and method: This cross-sectional study included a pilot phase, construction of the questionnaire, validation, and test-retest reliability. A population-based sample of 2,274 women ponderated by age groups and education levels was used in the validation phase. Internal consistency was assessed with the Cronbach's alpha analysis.

Results: The final questionnaire included 31 items ("menopause and health" with 15 items made up of vasomotor symptoms, health and aging, "sexuality" with 4 items, "couple relationship" with 3 items and "psychical domain" with 9 items). The Cronbach's (coefficient of the scale was 0.9092. The correlation coefficient of the test-retest was r=0.847 (p<.001). The Cervantes Scale is short, easy to administer (about 7 minutes), has a minimal score of 0 and a maximal score of 155 (from better to worse quality of life) and scores can be compared to reference values in younger women and women of the same age.

Conclusions: The Cervantes Scale is included in the new generation of instruments of health-related quality of life specific for the menopause and is intended to be used in Spanish women aged between 45 and 64 years.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Health Status*
  • Humans
  • Menopause*
  • Middle Aged
  • Pilot Projects
  • Quality of Life*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Spain
  • Surveys and Questionnaires