To assess the role of Bulinus truncatus in the transmission of urinary schistosomiasis in the Senegal River Basin (SRB), the relations between B. truncatus and Schistosoma haematobium were studied. The compatibility study shows that B. truncatus is susceptible to infection with S. haematobium in the Upper Valley of the SRB. The malacological follow up reveals the presence of B. truncatus naturally infected with schistosomes cercariae in the Middle Valley. The identification of these schistosomes as S. haematobium by the Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism technique (SSCP) confirms the participation of B. truncatus in the dynamic transmission.