Graft-versus-myeloma effect following antithymocyte globulin-based reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Bone Marrow Transplant. 2004 Jul;34(1):77-84. doi: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704531.

Abstract

In all, 41 multiple myeloma (MM) patients received an antithymocyte globulin (ATG), fludarabine, and busulfan-based reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from HLA-identical siblings. In total, 29 patients (70%) were in partial remission, one patient in complete remission, and 11 (27%) with progressive disease at the time of allo-SCT. Median time between diagnosis and allo-SCT was 24 months. The cumulative incidences of grade II-IV and grade III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were 36% (95% CI, 21-51%) and 7% (95% CI, 2-20%), respectively. Overall, 10 patients developed limited chronic GVHD, whereas seven developed an extensive form (cumulative incidence, 41% (95% CI, 26-56%) at 2 years). With a median follow-up of 389 days, the overall cumulative incidence of transplant-related mortality (TRM) was 17% (95% CI, 6-28%). In all, 11 patients (27%) are in continuous complete remission, and the Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) at 2 years were 62% (95% CI, 47-76%) and 41% (95% CI, 23-62%), respectively. PFS and OS were significantly higher in patients with chronic GVHD as compared to patients without chronic GVHD (P=0.006 for PFS and P=0.01 for OS). Collectively, these data demonstrate that RIC allo-SCT can mediate a potentially curative graft-versus-myeloma effect with an acceptable incidence of toxicity and TRM.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antilymphocyte Serum / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Busulfan / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Graft vs Host Disease
  • Graft vs Tumor Effect / drug effects*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / methods*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / mortality
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Lymphocyte Transfusion
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Survival Analysis
  • Transplantation Conditioning / methods*
  • Transplantation, Homologous
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vidarabine / administration & dosage
  • Vidarabine / analogs & derivatives*

Substances

  • Antilymphocyte Serum
  • Vidarabine
  • Busulfan
  • fludarabine