Stability of a cannulated screw versus a Kirschner wire for the proximal crescentic osteotomy of the first metatarsal: a biomechanical study

J Foot Ankle Surg. 2004 May-Jun;43(3):138-43. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2004.03.010.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the stability of a Kirschner wire (K-wire) versus a single cannulated screw for fixation of the proximal crescentic first metatarsal osteotomy. Seven matched pairs of fresh-frozen human cadaver first metatarsal specimens were dissected out en bloc at the first metatarsal-medial cuneiform complex; right and left specimens were randomized as to fixation. In screw specimens, a cannulated screw was mounted from the proximal medial side of the metatarsal, traversing osteotomy and engaging the lateral diaphyseal cortical bone. In the corresponding specimen, a K-wire was placed from the distal medial metatarsal cortex oriented as close to the longitudinal metatarsal axis as possible. Using a materials testing machine, a continuous load was applied to the plantar aspect of the metatarsal head at a rate of 5 mm/min until a displacement of 10 mm was reached. The following parameters were measured: initial stiffness of the entire specimen, stiffness of the osteotomy, the force required to create a 1-mm displacement, the force required to create a 0.15-mm gap across the osteotomy, and the ultimate force to create the 10-mm displacement. Both specimen and osteotomy stiffness were found to be significantly higher for screw fixation versus the K-wire (P <.05). Although there was also a difference in the force-to-failure load in favor of screw fixation, this result was found not found to be statistically significant.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Bone Screws*
  • Bone Wires*
  • Cadaver
  • Hallux Valgus / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Materials Testing
  • Metatarsal Bones / surgery*
  • Osteotomy / instrumentation
  • Osteotomy / methods*